malik muhammad jayasee kee jeevanee | malik muhammad jayasi kaiai jaiaivanaiai | biography of malik muhammad jayasi in hindi!
1. prastaavana:
hindee ke teen shreshth mahaakaviyon-kabeeradaas, sooradaas aur tulaseedaasajee ke saath malik mohammad jaayasee kee ganana kee jaatee hai . jaayasee soophee kaavy vichaaradhaara ke bhee shreshthatam kavi hain . unakee prem kee teevrata, gahanata, soophee paddhati par hee vikasit huee hai .
hindoo dharm ke premaanaakhyaanak mahaakaavyon ke aadhaar par unhonne na keval hindu-muslim ekata ka sandesh diya, varan urdoo ke sthaan par avadhee bhaasha ko apanaakar maanaveey ekata ka parichay diya . jaayasee kee prem paddhati mein laukik evan aadhyaatmik prem, ishk majaajee evan ishk hakeekee donon ka saphal sammishran hai .
2. jeevan vrtt evan rachanaakarm:
malik mohammad jaayasee ka janm sanvat 1550 mein gaajeepur mein hua tha . baad mein ve jaayas {raayabarelee} mein rahane lage . vaheen se unaka naam jaayasee prasiddh hua . ved, puraan, kuraan aadi dharmamashvon ka unhonne achchha gyaan praapt kiya tha . saipyad asharaph shareeph unake dhaarmik guru the .
kaha jaata hai ki baalyaavastha mein sheetala maata ke prakop se unakee baayeen aakh aur baayaan kaan jaata raha . ve atyant kaale aur kuroop lagate the . ek din darabaar mein unakee kuroopata ko dekhakar sherashaah hansane laga, to unhonne kaha:
“mohi ka hansasi ki koharahi……”
arthaat tum mujh par hanse ki mujhe banaane vaale kumhaar {eeshvar} par hanse ? yah sunakar sherashaah bada hee lajjit hua aur unaka bhakt ban gaya . jaayasee bade hee udaar, bhaabuk, aadambaraheen jeevan jeene vaale vyakti the . ek muslim hote hue bhee ve hindoo dharm ke sanskaaron mein vishvaas rakhate the . unakee rachanaon ka mukhy aadhaar hindoo dharm kee kathaen hee hain . unakee mrtyu san 1562 mein amethee ke nikat magaraavan mein huee .
rachanaen:
jaayasee dvaara rachit anyon kee sankhya 2 bataee jaatee hai, kintu abhee tak unakee teen hee rachanaen prasiddh hain:
1. padamaavat, 2. akharaavat, 3. aakhiree kalaam aakhiree kalaam mein pralay varnan hai . akharaavat mein varnamaala ke varno ke kramaanusaar tatvagyaan kee chaupaiyaan likhee gayee hain . padamaavat unakee premamaargee shaakha ka pratinidhi yanth hai .
jaayasee ne padamaavat mahaakaavy mein raanee padamaavatee ko alaukik roop dekar paramaatma evan aatma ke virah-milan ko rahasyavaad ke maadhyam se chitrit kiya hai . jaayasee ne niraakaar brahm kee praapti prem se hee maanee hai . unakee bhakti-bhaavana mein prem hee pramukh hai . unaka eeshvar ghat-ghat vaasee hai, nirgun srshtikarta hai, jo agamy tatha agochar hai . saadhanaatmak rahasyavaad ke saath-saath hathayogee saadhana unake kaavy kee visheshata hai .
nav pauree baakee nav khanda navo jo chadhe jaee baramhada ke maadhyam se unhonne saadhanaatmak evan bhaavaatmak rahasyavaad par bal diya hai . jaayasee ne kaar ke donon pakshon-sanyog evan viyog-ka atyant sajeev maarmik chitran kiya hai . jaayasee ne padamaavat mein lok-sanskrti ka sundar roop varnit kiya hai .
unhonne hindoo-dharm kee paarivaarik, saamaajik, dhaarmik evan sanskrtiyon ka udaarataapoorvak chitran kiya hai . jaayasee ka prakrti varnan baarahamaasa, shadrtu varnan bhee atyant hrdayagraahee hai . jaayasee ne bhaarateey soophee prabhaav ke saath-saath phaarasee prabhaav ko bhee apanaaya hai .
laukik tatha alaukik prem kathaon ke saath-saath aitihaasik evan kaalpanik prem kathaon ka chitran kiya hai . jaayasee kee bhaasha avadhee hai . avadhee ke saath usamen arabee, phaarasee shabdon ka prayog bhee milata hai . bhaasha mein poorvee tatha pashchimee ka samaagam hai . samagr roop mein unakee bhaasha bhaavapoorn evan saras hai .
jaayasee ne phaarasee kee manasabee shailee ka prayog kiya hai . unhonne prabandhakaavy shailee ko apanaaya hai, jisamen samaasokti aur anyokti tatha prateekaatmak shailee ka prayog hai . jaayasee ne angaar ras ke donon pakshon ka prabhaavashaalee varnan kiya hai . vaheen veer, karun, veebhats, shaant, adabhut ras ka prayog bhee aavashyakataanusaar kiya hai .
jaayasee ne upama, roopak, upeksha, samaasokti, anyokti, prateek vyatirek, bhraantimaan ka prayog pramukh roop se kiya hai . chhand yojana ke antargat unhonne doha, chaupaayee, chhand ka prayog bhee kiya hai . saat ya aath chaupaayee ke baad doha rakha hai .
3. upasanhaar:
jaayasee soophee kaavyadhaara ke premaanaakhyaak kaavy-parampara mein pramukh sthaan rakhate hain . ve hindoo-muslim ekata ke prateek kavi the . ve ek maanavataavaadee kavi bhee the .
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